{"id":3455,"date":"2018-08-30T13:22:02","date_gmt":"2018-08-30T13:22:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/?p=3455"},"modified":"2023-09-12T13:25:39","modified_gmt":"2023-09-12T13:25:39","slug":"%d9%83%db%86%d9%85%db%95%da%b5%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/?p=3455","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u0645\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0641\u06d5\u0633\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062e\u06c6 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0643\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646- \u0644\u06d5\u0634\u0633\u0627\u063a\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0634\u06c6\u0695\u0634 \u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u06a4\u06d5 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631 \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u06ce\u0643 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0628\u06c6\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06ce\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0631 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06ce\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u0634\u0631\u06c6\u06a4\u06d5\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06d5\u06b5\u0643\u06cc \u0644\u06ce \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06d5\u0634 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0643\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc (\u067e\u0627\u0634\u0643\u06c6) \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633(\u0641\u06d5\u0633\u06b5) \u067e\u06ce\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5:<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u0645: \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u0643 \u0633\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/p>\n

1- \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc: \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u06ce\u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0645: \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n

2- \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u06d5<\/p>\n

3- \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0648\u0695\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

4- \u0643\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0648 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0627\u0646\u06d5<\/p>\n

5- \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

6- \u062c\u06c6\u0631\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0632 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0632\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u06ce\u0643\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u0645: \u067e\u06ce\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n

7- \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n

8- \u0646\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0695\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0632<\/p>\n

9- \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0648\u067e\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0695\u06ce\u0643\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

10- \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a<\/p>\n

11- \u0634\u06d5\u0695 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u067e\u0627<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

12- \u062e\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u06ce\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

13- \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5 \u0648 \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n

14- \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646<\/p>\n

15- \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u0645: \u06af\u06c6\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0695\u06c6\u06cc\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n

16- \u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n

17- \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0695\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc<\/p>\n

18- \u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n

19- \u0634\u06c6\u0695\u0634\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n

20- \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0695\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648- \u0626\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u0645: \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n

21- \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc: \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5<\/p>\n

22- \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u062d\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u0645 \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc: \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0643\u06c6 \u0648 \u0641\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0647\u0647\u200c\u0646\u06af\u06c6\u06a9<\/p>\n

\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc:<\/p>\n

\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u062d\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u06d5\u062d\u0645\u06d5\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0644\u06ce\u0631: \u0686\u0627\u067e\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c 2009.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong> \u0628\u06d5 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/ia800206.us.archive.org\/15\/items\/Sociology_6_edition\/Sociology_6_edition.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0643 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Giddens, Anthony (1971)Capitalism and Modern Social Theory. An Analysis of the writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber<\/a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n
  2. Giddens, Anthony (1973) The Class Structure of the Advanced Societies. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n
  3. Giddens, Anthony (1976) Functionalism: apres la lutte,Social Research<\/a>, 43, 325-66><\/li>\n
  4. Giddens, Anthony (1976) New Rules of Sociological Method: a Positive Critique of interpretative Sociologies. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n
  5. Giddens, Anthony (1977) Studies in Social and Political Theory. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n
  6. Giddens, Anthony (1978) Durkheim. London:Fontana Modern Masters<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  7. Giddens, Anthony (1979) Central problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n
  8. Giddens, Anthony (1981) A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 1. Power, Property and the State. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n
  9. Giddens, Anthony (1982) Sociology: a Brief but Critical Introduction. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n
  10. Giddens, Anthony (1982) Profiles and Critiques in Social Theory. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n
  11. Giddens, Anthony & Mackenzie, Gavin (Eds.) (1982) Social Class and the Division of Labour. Essays in Honour of Ilya Neustadt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n
  12. Giddens, Anthony (1984) The Constitution of Society. Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge<\/a>:\u00a0Polity (publisher)<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  13. Giddens, Anthony (1985) A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 2. The Nation State and Violence. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  14. Giddens, Anthony (1990) The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  15. Giddens, Anthony (1991) Modernity and Self-Identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  16. Giddens, Anthony (1992) The Transformation of Intimacy: Sexuality, Love and Eroticism in Modern Societies. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  17. Beck, Ulrich & Giddens, Anthony & Lash, Scott (1994) Reflexive Modernization. Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  18. Giddens, Anthony (1994) Beyond Left and Right \u2014 the Future of Radical Politics. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  19. Giddens, Anthony (1995) Politics, Sociology and Social Theory: Encounters with Classical and Contemporary Social Thought. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  20. Giddens, Anthony (1996) In Defence of Sociology. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  21. Giddens, Anthony (1996) Durkheim on Politics and the State. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  22. Giddens, Anthony (1998) The Third Way. The Renewal of Social Democracy. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  23. Giddens, Anthony (1999) Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives. London: Profile.<\/li>\n
  24. Hutton, Will & Giddens, Anthony (Eds.) (2000) On The Edge. Living with Global Capitalism. London: Vintage.<\/li>\n
  25. Giddens, Anthony (2000) The Third Way and Its Critics. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  26. Giddens, Anthony (2000) Runaway World. London: Routledge.<\/li>\n
  27. Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2001) The Global Third Way Debate. Cambridge:\u00a0Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  28. Giddens, Anthony (2002) Where Now for New Labour? Cambridge:Polity (publisher)<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  29. Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2003) The Progressive Manifesto. New Ideas for the Centre-Left. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  30. Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2005) The New Egalitarianism Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  31. Giddens, Anthony (2006) Sociology (Fifth Edition). Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  32. Giddens, Anthony (2007) Europe In The Global Age. Cambridge:\u00a0Polity<\/a><\/li>\n
  33. Giddens, Anthony (2007) Over to You, Mr Brown – How Labour Can Win Again. Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  34. Giddens, Anthony (2009) The Politics of Climate Change. Cambridge:\u00a0Polity<\/a><\/li>\n
  35. Giddens, Anthony (2009) Sociology (Sixth Edition). Cambridge,Policy Network<\/a>\u00a0:\u00a0Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  36. Giddens, Anthony (2013) Sociology (Seventh Edition). Cambridge:Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

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ghaderi"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.penus.krd"],"url":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/?author=7"}]}},"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc-\u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc-600x400.jpg","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc-\u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc-600x600.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":false,"author_link":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/?author=7"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/penus.krd\/?cat=43\" rel=\"category\">\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5<\/a>","tags_info":"","social_share_info":"<a data-share=\"facebook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https:\/\/penus.krd\/?p=3455\" class=\"pl-facebook-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-facebook-f\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a data-share=\"twitter\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https:\/\/penus.krd\/?p=3455\" class=\"pl-twiiter-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a data-share=\"linkedin\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?url=https:\/\/penus.krd\/?p=3455\" class=\"pl-linkedin-share social-share-default pl-social-share\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fab fa-linkedin-in\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a>","wordExcerpt_info":"<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632\u00a0(Anthony Giddens)<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06ce\u0643\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0695\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0643\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 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\u062f\u06d5\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0647\u06c6\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0648\u06b5\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u062a\u0627\u0643\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u06c6\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u067e\u06ce \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u062e\u0634\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0695\u06c6 \u0626\u06ce\u0645\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0698\u06cc\u0646 \u0643\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u06d5\u0631\u06d5 \u0648\u060c \u0644\u06d5 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\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0644\u06c6\u0698\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce \u0628\u06c6\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634\u062a\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">“\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632”\u060c \u067e\u0695\u06c6\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u06c6\u0631 \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc 1938 \u0644\u06d5 “\u0626\u06ce\u062f\u0645\u06c6\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646”\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u06d5 34 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628 \u0648 200 \u062a\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06b5\u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u06c6\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06d5 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u0643\u0648\u0648 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u06c6\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u062a. “\u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632” \u0628\u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0643\u062a\u06c6\u0631\u0627\u0643\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0643\u06c6\u06cc \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc 1997 \u062a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc 2003 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u06cc “\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646” (LSE) \u00a0\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u06b5 \u0695\u0627\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u060c “\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u06ce\u0631” \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6\u062a\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0645\u06cc 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\u062c\u06c6\u0631\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u062f\u0627- \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06c6\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a \u0648 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\u062c\u06d5\u0646\u06af.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0634\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0643\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0643\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0633\u0648\u0643\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06c6\u06a4\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u0646. \u0641\u06d5\u0633\u06b5\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5: \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u06ce\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0695\u0627\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0632\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u0645\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0641\u06d5\u0633\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062e\u06c6 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0643\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u062f\u0627\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646- \u0644\u06d5\u0634\u0633\u0627\u063a\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0634\u06c6\u0695\u0634 \u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u06a4\u06d5 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631 \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0634\u06cc\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u06ce\u0643 \u0644\u06d5 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0628\u06c6\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06ce\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633. \u0626\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0631 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06ce\u0643\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u0634\u0631\u06c6\u06a4\u06d5\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06d5\u06b5\u0643\u06cc \u0644\u06ce \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u06d5\u0634 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0643\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc (\u067e\u0627\u0634\u0643\u06c6) \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633(\u0641\u06d5\u0633\u06b5) \u067e\u06ce\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u06d5\u0645: \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u0643 \u0633\u06d5\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">1- \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc: \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u06ce\u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0645: \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">2- \u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u06d5<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">3- \u0628\u06d5\u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0648\u0695\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">4- \u0643\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0648 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0627\u0646\u06d5<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">5- \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">6- \u062c\u06c6\u0631\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0632 \u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0632\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u06ce\u0643\u0633\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u06d5\u0645: \u067e\u06ce\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">7- \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u0643\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">8- \u0646\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0695\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0632<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">9- \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0648\u067e\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0695\u06ce\u0643\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">10- \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0648\u0645\u06d5\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0648\u06b5\u06d5\u062a<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">11- \u0634\u06d5\u0695 \u0648 \u0633\u0648\u067e\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0645: \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">12- \u062e\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062e\u06ce\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">13- \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5 \u0648 \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">14- \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">15- \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c\u06d5\u0645: \u06af\u06c6\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0695\u06c6\u06cc\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">16- \u0628\u06d5\u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">17- \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u0695\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">18- \u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0686\u0648\u0648\u0646<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">19- \u0634\u06c6\u0695\u0634\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0632\u0627\u06a4\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">20- \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0695\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648- \u0626\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u06d5\u0634\u06d5\u0645: \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0643\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0627<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">21- \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc: \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06ce\u0643\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">22- \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc \u062d\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u0645 \u0648 \u0643\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc: \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0643\u06c6 \u0648 \u0641\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0647\u0647\u200c\u0646\u06af\u06c6\u06a9<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0643\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc: \u062d\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u06d5\u062d\u0645\u06d5\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0644\u06ce\u0631: \u0686\u0627\u067e\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c 2009.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong> \u0628\u06d5 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ia800206.us.archive.org\/15\/items\/Sociology_6_edition\/Sociology_6_edition.pdf\">https:\/\/ia800206.us.archive.org\/15\/items\/Sociology_6_edition\/Sociology_6_edition.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p><strong>\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0643 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0643\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0646\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06cc<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u06af\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u0632:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1971)<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=dbimzFv3BNsC\">Capitalism and Modern Social Theory. An Analysis of the writings of Marx, Durkheim and Max Weber<\/a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1973) The Class Structure of the Advanced Societies. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1976) Functionalism: apres la lutte,<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Social_Research\">Social Research<\/a>, 43, 325-66><\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1976) New Rules of Sociological Method: a Positive Critique of interpretative Sociologies. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1977) Studies in Social and Political Theory. London: Hutchinson.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1978) Durkheim. London:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fontana_Modern_Masters\">Fontana Modern Masters<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1979) Central problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1981) A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 1. Power, Property and the State. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1982) Sociology: a Brief but Critical Introduction. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1982) Profiles and Critiques in Social Theory. London: Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony & Mackenzie, Gavin (Eds.) (1982) Social Class and the Division of Labour. Essays in Honour of Ilya Neustadt. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=cV8xnSIa0-IC\">Giddens, Anthony (1984) The Constitution of Society. Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Cambridge<\/a>:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity (publisher)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1985) A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 2. The Nation State and Violence. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1990) The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1991) Modernity and Self-Identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1992) The Transformation of Intimacy: Sexuality, Love and Eroticism in Modern Societies. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Beck, Ulrich & Giddens, Anthony & Lash, Scott (1994) Reflexive Modernization. Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1994) Beyond Left and Right \u2014 the Future of Radical Politics. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1995) Politics, Sociology and Social Theory: Encounters with Classical and Contemporary Social Thought. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1996) In Defence of Sociology. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1996) Durkheim on Politics and the State. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1998) The Third Way. The Renewal of Social Democracy. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (1999) Runaway World: How Globalization is Reshaping Our Lives. London: Profile.<\/li>\n<li>Hutton, Will & Giddens, Anthony (Eds.) (2000) On The Edge. Living with Global Capitalism. London: Vintage.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2000) The Third Way and Its Critics. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2000) Runaway World. London: Routledge.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2001) The Global Third Way Debate. Cambridge:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2002) Where Now for New Labour? Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity (publisher)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2003) The Progressive Manifesto. New Ideas for the Centre-Left. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (Ed.) (2005) The New Egalitarianism Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2006) Sociology (Fifth Edition). Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2007) Europe In The Global Age. Cambridge:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2007) Over to You, Mr Brown – How Labour Can Win Again. Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2009) The Politics of Climate Change. Cambridge:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2009) Sociology (Sixth Edition). Cambridge,<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Policy_Network\">Policy Network<\/a>\u00a0:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Giddens, Anthony (2013) Sociology (Seventh Edition). Cambridge:<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polity_(publisher)\">Polity<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p> <\/p>\n","comment_info":"No Comments","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3455"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3455\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3457,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3455\/revisions\/3457"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3455"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/penus.krd\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}